IBY
Peterside Rejoice Eneky
The Nigerian House of Representatives is currently deliberating a controversial bill that seeks to make voting compulsory for all eligible citizens, with penalties for non-compliance. Under the proposed legislation, Nigerians who fail to vote in national or state elections without a valid excuse could face a fine of ₦100,000, six months in prison, or both.
The bill, titled “An Act to Amend the Electoral Act 2022 to Make Voting Mandatory for All Nigerians of Majority Age in National and State Elections,” aims to address the country’s persistently low voter turnout and foster a culture of civic responsibility. The proposed amendments would affect key sections of the Electoral Act specifically Sections 9, 10, 12, and 47 to include mandatory voting provisions.
Proponents argue that the bill is essential for strengthening Nigeria’s democracy and increasing public participation in governance. Supporters point to figures from the 2023 general elections, which saw just 25 million votes cast from a pool of 94.4 million registered voters, as evidence of deep-rooted voter apathy.
“This bill is designed to awaken civic duty among Nigerians,” one lawmaker said during deliberations. “Democracy thrives when citizens are active participants, not passive observers.”
However, the proposal has sparked fierce criticism from civil rights organizations and members of the public. The Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project (SERAP) has condemned the bill, arguing that it infringes on individual freedoms. According to SERAP, the right to vote also encompasses the right to abstain, and any form of coercion undermines democratic principles.
Critics also highlight unresolved issues such as electoral violence, voter intimidation, and logistical challenges, which they say discourage participation far more than apathy. They argue that the government should prioritize electoral reforms, voter education, and security over punitive measures.
“The focus should be on making the voting process safer and more transparent not punishing people for disengaging from a flawed system,” said one policy analyst.
The bill is still in its early stages and must pass through several readings and committee reviews before it can become law. With mounting public opposition and growing calls for its withdrawal or amendment, its fate remains uncertain.
As debate continues both within the legislature and among the public, the proposal has reignited broader discussions about democratic participation, civic responsibility, and the balance between rights and duties in Nigeria’s political landscape.
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